ANALISIS HAMBATAN IMPROVISASI BERWIRAUSAHA PADA USAHA KULINER DIKOTA PADANG
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/cemerlang.v2i4.297Keywords:
Entrepreneurship Barriers, Entrepreneur Internal Barriers, Entrepreneurship Improvisation, Environmental Turbulence.Abstract
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have a vital contribution to Indonesian economy. It is characterized by a large number which can accommodate a large number of workers. However, many MSMEs face many internal and external challenges in improvising their business. The purpose of this study is identifying challenges faced by MSMEs in terms of external aspects which include technological turbulence and market turbulence as well as internal aspects which include fear of failure, anxiety, disappointment, distress, and tension; and Qualitative methods with interview techniques are used to explore information from the experience of SMEs as resource persons who have been selected with certain criteria. The research’s findings show that the external barriers arise from limited knowledge and resources while the internal barriers of entrepreneurs arise from the personal lives and demands of business consumers. The research’s contribution is to provide facts for MSMEs to be used as a basis for evaluating business performance so that they can prepare corrective steps in improvising. In addition, the measuring instrument used as an interview protocol can be used as a reference for further study in similar topics.
References
Adams, D., & Malone, S. (2021). The Impact of Anxiety on Decision Making in Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities or a Diagnosis on the Autism Spectrum. Dalam Decision Making by Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (hlm. 173–196). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74675-9_8
Adomako, S., Opoku, R. A., & Frimpong, K. (2018). Entrepreneurs’ improvisational behavior and new venture performance: Firm-level and institutional contingencies. Journal of Business Research, 83, 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.10.006
Akhmad, K. A., & Purnomo, S. (2021). PENGARUH PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI PADA USAHA MIKRO KECIL DAN MENENGAH DI KOTA SURAKARTA. Sebatik, 25(1). https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v25i1.1293
AKUMANDIRI Kota Padang. (2022). Data Keadaan Usaha Anggota AKUMANDIRI Kota Padang di Masa Pandemi. Padang.
Allen, D. D. (2018). An Exploration of Entrepreneurial Anxiety in the Context of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) (Doctoral Thesis). University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham.
American Psychological Association. (2022). Anxiety.
Astutik, Y. (2020, November 5). Ini Lho Alasan-alasan UMKM RI Belum Move On ke Digital. Diambil 16 November 2021, dari cnbcindonesia.com website: https://www.cnbcindonesia.com/news/20201105155831-4-199569/ini-lho-alasan-alasan-umkm-ri-belum-move-on-ke-digital
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2021). Industri Mikro dan Kecil di Masa Pandemi COVID-19 2020. Jakarta.
Bandera, C., & Passerini, K. (2020). Personality traits and the digital entrepreneur: Much of the same thing or a new breed? Journal of the International Council for Small Business, 1(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/26437015.2020.1724838
Bodlaj, M., & Čater, B. (2019). The Impact of Environmental Turbulence on the Perceived Importance of Innovation and Innovativeness in SMEs. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(S2), 417–435. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12482
Brea, C., Bicanic, S., Li, Y., & Bhardwaj, S. (2020, November 26). Predicting Consumer Demand in an Unpredictable World. Diambil 20 Juni 2022, dari Harvard Business Review website: https://hbr.org/2020/11/predicting-consumer-demand-in-an-unpredictable-world
Buchori, Moch. R. L., Tricahyono, D., & Djatmiko, T. (2020). STUDI IDENTIFIKASI FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENGHAMBAT IMPLEMENTASI TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL PADA UMKM (STUDI KASUS: WELLBORN DAN PROSHOP DI BANDUNG). E-Proceeding of Management, 7(2), 5652–5659.
Cacciotti, G., Hayton, J. C., Mitchell, J. R., & Allen, D. G. (2020). Entrepreneurial fear of failure: Scale development and validation. Journal of Business Venturing, 35(5). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2020.106041
Câmara, A., & Petrenko, O. (2016). Improvisation as an adaptive response to crises: The explanatory role of emotions. Southwest Academy of Management Proceedings, 2015–2016. New Orleans: Southwest Academy .
Cerreia-Vioglio, S., Dillenberger, D., & Ortoleva, P. (2020). An explicit representation for disappointment aversion and other betweenness preferences. Theoretical Economics, 15(4). https://doi.org/10.3982/TE3440
Chu, Y. H. C., & Smyrnios, K. (2018). How Small-to-Medium Enterprises Thrive and Survive in Turbulent Times: From Deconstructing to Synthesizing Organizational Resilience Capabilities. Abingdon: Taylor & Francis.
CNN Indonesia. (2020, Juni 1). Klaster Pasar Raya Padang Kasus Corona Terbesar di Sumbar. Diambil 3 Desember 2021, dari CNN Indonesia website: https://www.cnnindonesia.com/nasional/20200601005743-20-508573/klaster-pasar-raya-padang-kasus-corona-terbesar-di-sumbar
Dayan, M., & di Benedetto, C. A. (2011). Team intuition as a continuum construct and new product creativity: The role of environmental turbulence, team experience, and stress. Research Policy, 40(2), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2010.10.002
de Clercq, D., Thongpapanl, N., & Voronov, M. (2018). Sustainability in the Face of Institutional Adversity: Market Turbulence, Network Embeddedness, and Innovative Orientation. Journal of Business Ethics, 148(2), 437–455. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-3004-7
Dinas Koperasi dan UKM Kota Padang. (2022). KEBIJAKAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN UMKM KOTA PADANG. Padang.
Douglas, Y., & Grant, M. B. (2018). The Biomedical Writer: What You Need to Succeed in Academic Medicine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gandhi, P. (2021). Entrepreneurship Class XI. Faridabad: VK Global Publications.
Goldsby, M., Bishop, J., Goldsby, E., Neck, C. B., & Neck, C. P. (2021). The Impact of Self-Management Practices on Entrepreneurial Psychological States. Administrative Sciences, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11010012
Hmieleski, K. M., & Corbett, A. C. (2006). Proclivity for Improvisation as a Predictor of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(1), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-627X.2006.00153.x
Humas LIPI. (2020). Survei Kinerja UMKM di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Jakarta. Diambil dari http://lipi.go.id/berita/survei-kinerja-umkm-di-masa-pandemi-covid19/22071
Jatmika, R. T. D. (2016). Masalah yang dihadapi Usaha Kecil Menengah Di Indonesia. EL-ECOSY: Jurnal Studi Ekonomi Syariah, 2(6).
Jelita, I. N. (2021, September 18). Gara-gara Pandemi Covid-19, Diperkirakan 30 Juta UMKM Bangkrut. Media Indonesia. Diambil dari https://mediaindonesia.com/ekonomi/433606/gara-gara-pandemi-covid-19-diperkirakan-30-juta-umkm-bangkrut
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian Republik Indonesia. (2021). Dukungan Pemerintah Bagi UMKM Agar Pulih di Masa Pandemi. Jakarta.
Kipley, D., Helm-Stevens, R., & Lookinbee-Kipley, M. (2018). The Impact of Environmental Turbulence on Organizational Learning. Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Management. Paris, Prancis.
Kumala, D., Utarindasari, D., & Joesyiana, K. (2022). Effect Of Work Stress On Employee Productivity At Pt Unggul Karya In The Extruder Division. IJSBM: International Journal of Sharia Business Management, 1(1).
Kumar, V., & Jones, E. (2011). Is Market Orientation a Source of Sustainable Competitive Advantage or Simply the Cost of Competing? Journal Of Marketing, 75, 16–30.
Lestari, D., & Susanto, P. (2021). Orientasi kewirausahaan dan kapabilitas pemasaran pada kinerja usaha kecil dan menengah: Peran faktor lingkungan yang dinamis sebagai pemoderasi. Jurnal Kajian Manajemen Bisnis, 10(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.24036/jkmb.11201300
Lusiantoro, L., Purwanto, B. M., & Rostiani, R. (2022). The effect of small business leaders’ organisational mindfulness and social learning on opportunistic behaviour to survive the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 29(4), 627–644. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-02-2021-0061
Murdafasmi, Y., Rachmatan, R., Nisa, H., & Riamanda, I. (2020). Dukungan Sosial Dengan Fear of Failure Pada Foodpreneur. Indonesian Journal of Islamic Psychology, 2(2).
Nefzi, N. (2018). Fear of Failure and Entrepreneurial Risk Perception. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.2478/ijek-2018-0013
North, J. (2017). The 5 Stages To Entrepreneurial Success: What Every Entrepreneur Should Know About Dominating Your Market. New South Wales: Evolve Global Publishing.
Perwakilan Bank Indonesia Provinsi Sumatera Barat. (2021). Laporan Perekonomian Provinsi Sumatera Barat Februari 2021. Padang.
Reid, S. W., Patel, P. C., & Wolfe, M. T. (2018). The struggle is real: self-employment and short-term psychological distress. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 9, 128–136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbvi.2018.04.002
Rinaldy, R., & Suryani, Y. (2022). Statistik Kunci Kota Padang Tahun 2021.
Rosa, Y. del, & Idward, I. (2021). Kajian Omzet UMKM Kota Padang Saat Pandemi Covid 19 Ditinjau Dari Faktor Internal dan Eksternal. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis Dharma Andalas, 3(1).
Saputra, D. (2021, Maret 19). Survei BI : 87,5 Persen UMKM Indonesia Terdampak Pandemi Covid-19. Diambil 13 Oktober 2021, dari bisnis.com website: https://ekonomi.bisnis.com/read/20210319/9/1370022/survei-bi-875-persen-umkm-indonesia-terdampak-pandemi-covid-19
Sayegh, L., Anthony, W. P., & Perrewé, P. L. (2004). Managerial decision-making under crisis: The role of emotion in an intuitive decision process. Human Resource Management Review, 14(2), 179–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2004.05.002
Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods For Business: A Skill Building Approach (7 ed.). New Jersey: Wiley. Diambil dari www.wileypluslearningspace.com
Shabbir, S., Danish, R. Q., Rehman, M., Hasnain, M., & Asad, H. (2021). An empirical investigation of environmental turbulence and fear in predicting entrepreneurial improvisation. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc7020157
Sindakis, S., & Aggarwal, S. (2022). E-business Adoption by Small Business: Benefits and Drawbacks. Dalam A. Koumproglou, K. Biginas, P. Wyer, S. Sindakis, & V. Sarantinos (Ed.), Small Business Management and Control of the Uncertain External Environment. Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited.
Sode, R., & Chenji, K. (2021). Reducing entrepreneurial fear of failure through mindfulness. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 17(4).
Stroila, I. (2020). Drivers and Barriers of Women Entrepreneurs An Analysis of the National and Regional Context Using GEM Data. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden.
Susanto, H. A. (2015). Pemahaman Pemecahan Masalah Berdasar Gaya Kognitif (1 ed.). Yogyakarta: Deepublish.
Wang, Y. (2016). What are the biggest obstacles to growth of SMEs in developing countries? – An empirical evidence from an enterprise survey. Borsa Istanbul Review, 16(3), 167–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bir.2016.06.001
Wardi, Y., Susanto, P., & Abdullah, N. L. (2017). Orientasi Kewirausahaan pada Kinerja Usaha Kecil dan Menengah (UKM) Sumatera Barat: Analisis Peran Moderasi Intensitas Persaingan, Turbulensi Pasar dan Teknologi. Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi, 16(1), 46–61.
Williamson, A. J., Drencheva, A., & Battisti, M. (2020). Entrepreneurial Disappointment: Let Down and Breaking Down, a Machine-Learning Study. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 1–50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258720964447
Ye, Z., Y, Y. M., & Wang, L. Y. (2018). The Status Quo and Future Prospects of Research on Impromptu Behavior of Startups. Foreign Economics and Management, 40(4), 16–29.
Yin, R. K. (2014). Case Study Research: Design and Methods (Applied Social Research Methods) (5 ed.). Thousand Oaks: Sage Publication, Inc.
Żur, A. (2021). Entrepreneurial Identity and Social-Business Tensions – The Experience of Social Entrepreneurs. Journal of Social Entrepreneurship, 12(3), 438–461. https://doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2020.1740297
