PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA, STRES KERJA, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA ERA PANDEMI

Authors

  • Devia Jeanindita Nugraheni Universitas PGRI Semarang
  • Sutrisno Sutrisno Universitas PGRI Semarang
  • Noni Setyorini Universitas PGRI Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrie.v2i2.1596

Keywords:

compensation, work stress, workload, work environment, employee performance

Abstract

Abstract. This study aims to examine the influence of Workload, Work Stress, Work Environment, and Employee Compensation and Performance at the Pandanaran Hotel Semarang in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era. The technique used in this study is non-probability sampling and is processed using multiple linear regression techniques. The results of the analysis and discussion based on questionnaires distributed to 114 respondents show that workload and work stress partially have a significant effect on employee performance. While the work environment and compensation variables partially have a positive and significant influence on the performance of Hotel Pandanaran Semarang employees in the Covid 19 Pandemic Era.

References

Abun, D., Basilio, G. J. Q., Fredolin, J. P., & Magallanes, T. (2022). The effect of entrepreneurial mindset, work environment on employees’ work performance. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 11(4), 77–94. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v11i4.1839

Abun, D., Magallanes, T., Acidera, E. B., Encarnacion, M. J., & Domingcil, C. U. (2021). A new decade for social changes Work Environment and work Engagement of Employees of the Catholic Colleges in the Ilocos Region, Philippines. Www.Techniumscience.Com, 19, 2021. https://ssrn.com/abstract=3842649

Adhani, A. R. (2013). Pengaruh Kebutuhan Aktualisasi Diri Dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Prestasi Kerja Karyawan. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen (JIM), 1(4), 1224.

Ahmad, Y. ., Tewal, B. ., & Taroreh, R. N. (2019). Pengaruh Stres Kerja, Beban Kerja, Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Pt. Fif Group Manado. Jurnal EMBA : Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 7(3), 2303–1174. https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/index.php/emba/article/view/23747

Al-Omari, K., & Okasheh, H. (2017). The influence of work environment on job performance: A case study of engineering company in Jordan. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 12(24), 15544–15550.

Albertho, M. F., Ibrahim, M. B. H., Idrus, A., & Sonjaya yaya. (2020). Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja, Kompensasi Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum, Perumahan Dan Kawasan Pemukiman Provinsi Papua. The Journal of Business and Management Research, 2015, 619–630.

Almansa Fitra, M., Indrayani, I., Andykhatria, A., Syahril, S., Hutasoit, H., & Wayan Catra Yasa, I. (2022). Effect of Workload, Compensation and Employee Commitment To the Employees Performance of Public Works and Spatial Arrangements Office of Karimun District. International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET), 1(2), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.54443/ijset.v1i2.11

Anita, J., Aziz, N., & Yunus, M. (2013). Pengaruh Penempatan dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Motivasi Kerja dan Dampaknya Pada Prestasi Kerja Pehawai Dinas Tenaga Kerja dan Mobilitas Penduduk Aceh. Jurnal Manajemen Pascasarjana Universitas Syiah Kuala, 2(1), 12.

Ariawaty, R. R. N. (2020). Improve Employee Performance Through Organizational Culture and Employee Commitments. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 18(2), 318–325. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2020.018.02.12

Azmy, A. (2022). Effect of Compensation and Organizational Commitment on Employee Performance During WFH at Digital Company. Jurnal Economia, 18(1), 70–88. https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v18i1.44949

Badu, Q, S., & Djafri, N. (2017). Kepemimpinan & perilaku organisasi. cetakan kesembilan.

Bimantara, Mayu, A., Dotulong, O., H., L., & Lengkong, P., K., V. (2021). Pengaruh Beban Kerja, Lingkungan Kerja Dan Komunikasi Terhadap Kinerja Pada Kurir Pt J&T Express Manado Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal EMBA, 9(4), 1261–1271.

Bonaventure Okolocha, C., & Clara Anugwu, C. (2022). Work Environment and Job Performance of Commercial Banks in Nigeria. Iiard International Journal of Economics and Business Management, 8(2), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.56201/ijebm.v8.no2.2022.pg27.38

Budiasa, I. K. (2021). Beban Kerja Dan Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia I Komang Budiasa Penerbit Cv. Pena Persada. In CV. Pena Persada (Issue August).

Bulut, C., & Kato, Y. (2020). Epidemiology of covid-19. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 50(SI-1), 563–570. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-2004-172

Busro, M. (2018). Teori-teori manajemen sumber daya manusia.

Butarbutar, M., Julyanthry, J., & Nainggolan, T. V. (2020). Analisis Pengaruh Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Cv Paradep Taxi Pematangsiantar. Maker: Jurnal Manajemen, 6(2), 134–147. https://doi.org/10.37403/mjm.v6i2.183

Chandra, R., & Adriansyah, D. (2017). Pengaruh Beban Kerja dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT . Mega Auto Central Finance Cabang di Langsa. 6(1), 670–678.

Daniar Pramita, R. W., Rizal, N., & Sulistyan, R. B. (2021). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. In Widya Gama Press. Dari asal katanya metode berarti “jalan” atau “cara”. Metode penelitian berarti cara mengumpulkan data dan analisis. Dari analisis data tersebut kemudian peneliti akan mendapatkan hasil apakah berupa penegasan atas teori yang pernah ada (confirmation) ata

Deng, J., Guo, Y., Ma, T., Yang, T., & Tian, X. (2019). How job stress influences job performance among Chinese healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine, 24(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-018-0758-4

Despréaux, T., Saint-Lary, O., Danzin, F., & Descatha, A. (2017). Stress at work. In BMJ (Online) (Vol. 357). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j2489

Dessler, G. (2018). Human Resource Management (16th ed.). Pearson.

Echor, J., & Lohor, F. (2022). Impact of Work Environment on Employee Performance. Approaches in International Journal of Research Development, 13(1), 1–17.

Elsafty, A., & Shafik, L. (2022). The Impact of Job Stress on Employee’s Performance at one of Private Banks in Egypt during COVID-19 Pandemic. International Business Research, 15(2), 24. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v15n2p24

Fajrin, C., & Wardhana, A. (2018). Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Badan Kepegawaian Daerah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya [UIN Maulana Malik brahim Malang]. In eProceedings …. https://openlibrarypublications.telkomuniversity.ac.id/index.php/management/article/view/6963

Fazriyan, F., & Karhab, R. S. (2022). Analisis Kinerja Karyawan Warehouse PT . Cipta Krida Bahari pada Masa Pandemi Covid. Borneo Student Research, 3(2), 2117–2124.

Ferry, Y. (2018). Pengaruh Pelatihan Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Bagian Produksi Pt Indomaju Textindo Kudus. BMAJ: Business Management Analysis Journal, 1(1), 37–48. https://doi.org/10.24176/bmaj.v1i1.2686

Fung, T. S., & Liu, D. X. (2019). Human Coronavirus : Host-Pathogen Interaction. 529–560.

Gawron, V. J. (2008). Human Performance, Workload, and Situational Awareness Measures Handbook (2nd ed.). CRC. https://www.ptonline.com/articles/how-to-get-better-mfi-results

Ghozali, I. (2018). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 25 (9th ed.). Universitas Diponegoro.

Ginting, N., Nagara, P., & . S. (2021). Effect of Motivation, Work Environment and Workload on Employee Performance at PT. Benua Penta Global Medan. International Journal of Research and Review, 8(12), 463–467. https://doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20211257

Goet, J. (2022). Workplace Environment and Its Impact on Employee’s Performance in Nepalese Commercial Banks. The EFFORTS, Journal of Education and Research, 4(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3126/ejer.v4i1.44167

Hafee, I., Yingjun, Z., Hafeez, S., Mansoor, R., & Rehman, K. U. (2019). Impact of Workplace Environment on Employee Performance: Mediating Role of Employee Health. Business, Management and Education, 17(2), 173–193. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2019.10379

Handayani, H. N. F., Aima, M. H., & Wiratih, H. W. R. (2022). Effect Of Workload And Work Environment On Work Motivation And Its Implications On Employee Performance At PT Ciptajaya Sejahtera Abadi. Dinasti International Journal Of Management Science, 3(4), 502–515.

Harini, S., Sudarijati, & Kartiwi, N. (2018). Workload , Work Environment and Employee Performance of Housekeeping.

Hikmawati, F. (2020). Metodologi Penelitian. In PT RajaGrafindo Persada, Depok (2nd ed., Vol. 4, Issue 1). RAJAWALI PERS.

Indrasari, D. M. (2017). Kepuasan Kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan Tinjauan dari Dimensi Iklim Organisasi , Kreatifitas Individu, dan Karakteristik Pekerjaan. Yogyakarta: Indomedia Pustaka, 1–85. file:///C:/Users/user/Downloads/Kepuasan Kerja dan Kinerja Karyawan Tinjauan dari Dimensi Iklim Organisasi, Kreativitas Individu, dan Karakteristik Pekerjaan by Dr. Meithiana Indrasari, S.T., M.M. (z-lib.org).pdf

Iskamto, D. (2021). Stress and Its Impact on Employee Performance. International Journal of Social and Management Studies (Ijosmas), 03(02), 142–148.

Janib, J., Rasdi, R. M., Omar, Z., Alias, S. N., Zaremohzzabieh, Z., & Ahrari, S. (2021). The Relationship between Workload and Performance of Research University Academics in Malaysia: The Mediating Effects of Career Commitment and Job Satisfaction. Asian Journal of University Education, 17(2), 85–99. https://doi.org/10.24191/AJUE.V17I2.13394

Johari, J., Yean Tan, F., & Tjik Zulkarnain, Z. I. (2018). Autonomy, workload, work-life balance and job performance among teachers. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(1), 107–120. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEM-10-2016-0226

Joshua, R., Chehab, F., David, R., & Salim, N. A. (2021). Impact of Work Stress during COVID-19 Epidemic on Job Satisfaction and Job Performance among Nurses in Critical Care Units, United Arab Emirates 2020. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Research, 5(2), 225–231. https://doi.org/10.26855/ijcemr.2021.04.018

Kadir, A., Marnis, & Machasin. (2014). Pengaruh Ability, Motivasi Dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Redaksi Pt Riau Pos Intermedia Pekanbaru. Ekonomi, 22, 1–17.

Kawiana, I. G. P. (2020a). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia “MSDM” Perusahaan (I. B. P. E. Suadnyana (ed.); Vol. 4, Issue 1). UNHI Press.

Kawiana, I. G. P. (2020b). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia “MSDM” Perusahaan (I Gede Putu Kawiana) (z-lib.org). In I. B. P. E. Suadnyana (Ed.), Syria Studies (1st ed., Vol. 7, Issue 1). UNHI Press. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269107473_What_is_governance/link/548173090cf22525dcb61443/download%0Ahttp://www.econ.upf.edu/~reynal/Civil wars_12December2010.pdf%0Ahttps://think-asia.org/handle/11540/8282%0Ahttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41857625

Khuong, M. N., & Yen, V. H. (2016). Investigate the Effects of Job Stress on Employee Job Performance — A Case Study at Dong Xuyen Industrial Zone, Vietnam. International Journal of Trade, Economics and Finance, 7(2), 31–37. https://doi.org/10.18178/ijtef.2016.7.2.495

Koerniawan, I., & Mustofa, M. (2019). PERANCANGAN SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENILAIAN KINERJA GURU MENGGUNAKAN METODE PROFILE MATCHING STUDI KASUS DI MTS NEGERI

BRANGSONG. E-Bisnis: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 12(2), 29-34.

Limawandoyo, E. A. (2013). Pengelolaan dan Pengembangan Sumber Daya Manusia Pada PT. Aneka Sejahtera Engineering. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Petra, 1(2), 1–12.

Malayu S.P. Hasibuan. (2017). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. In PT. Bumi Aksara: Vol. revisi (p. 202).

Mondy, R. W., & Martocchio, J. J. (2016). Human Resouorce Management (14th ed.). Pearson.

Muga, R., & Rihardjo, I. B. (2022). The Effect of Professionalism and Workload on The performance of Employees of Regional Revenue Agency in Sikka Regency. International Conference on Business & Social Sciences (ICOBUSS), 1(1), 346–360.

Munandar, A., Musnadi, S., & Sulaiman, S. (2019). The Effect of Work Stress, Work Load and Work Environment on Job Satisfaction And It’s Implication on The Employee Performance of Aceh Investment And One Stop Services Agency. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.3-10-2018.2284357

Murni, M., & Heryanto. (2019). The Effect Of Compensation, Motivation And Work Satisfaction To The Performance At Investment And Integrated One-Stop Service Office Regency Of Dharmasraya. Archives of Business Research, 7(8), 57–65.

Nabawi, R. (2019a). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja, Kepuasan Kerja dan Beban Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(2), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v2i2.3667

Nabawi, R. (2019b). The Influence of Work Environment, Job Satisfaction and Workload on Employee Performance. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(2), 170–183.

Nugroho, M. F., & Suswanta, S. (2020). Kendala Pelaksanaan Dan Upaya Penanganan Work From Home /Wfh Di Bappeda Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi: Media Pengembangan Ilmu Dan Praktek Administrasi, 17(2), 221–241. https://doi.org/10.31113/jia.v17i2.590

Nuryadi S, Tutut Dewi Astuti, Endang Sri Utami, M. B. (2017). Data-data Statistik Penelitian (1st ed.). Sibuku Media.

Paramitadewi, K. F. (2017). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Sekretariat Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Tabanan. E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana, 6(6), 3370–3397.

Pasimeni, P. (2018). The relation between productivity and compensation in Europe (Vol. 8022, Issue March). https://doi.org/10.2765/749614

Polakitang, A. F., Koleangan, R., & Ogi, I. (2019). Pengaruh Beban Kerja , Lingkungan Kerja , Dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada PT . Esta Gruob Jaya Effect Of Workload, Work Environment And Job Stress On Employee Perfomance At PT . ESTA Groub Jaya Jurnal EMBA. Jurnal EMBA, 7(3), 4164–4173.

Prapti, L. G. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Motivasi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Karyawan Tetap Pt. Lg Electronics Indonesia Kantor Cabang Pekanbaru. Jom Fisip Vol. 4 No. 2, 4(2), 16.

Prasetyaningtyas, S. W., Darmawan, A., Puhirta, B. P., & Kusmanto, D. A. (2022). Impact of Workload and Responsibility Load on Work Stress and Job Performance on Construction Projects During the Pandemic. Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen, 20(1), 136–145. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jam.2022.020.01.14

Purwanto, E. A., & Dyah Ratih Sulistyastuti. (2011). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. Pandiva Buku.

Putra, I. B. A. K., Suwendra, I. W., & Bagia, I. W. (2016). Kinerja Karyawan. 4(1), 121–130.

Raditya, B., Indrasari, M., Surya, A., & Bandi, M. (2019). Effect of Compensation and Work Environment on Employee Performance (Study at PT Segar Murni Utama, Mojokerto Regency). https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.30-7-2019.2287822

Rahadi, D. R. (2010). Manajemen Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia. In Dr. Dedi Rianto Rahadi.

Rahmawati, M. P., & Liswandi, L. (2022). Pengaruh Kompensasi, Lingkungan Kerja, Dan Stres Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pt Xyz. FIRM Journal of Management Studies, 7(1), 65. https://doi.org/10.33021/firm.v7i1.3592

Ramzan, M., Zubair, H. M. K., Ali, G., & Arslan, M. (2014). Impact of Compensation on Employee Performance ( Empirical Evidence from Banking Sector of Pakistan ) Islamia University of Bahawalpur Research Scholars of Department of Management Sciences. 5(2), 302–309.

Robbins, S. P., & Coulter, M. (2016). Management: 13th Edition. Pearson.

Safitri, R. P. (2018). Pengaruh Budaya Perusahaan Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Dan Dampaknya Pada Kinerja Karyawan. Journal of Management Review, 2(2), 198. https://doi.org/10.25157/jmr.v2i2.1795

Saifuddien, A. H. (2020). Peran beban kerja dan stres kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pada bagian teknisi di pt. tridaya perkasa prima surabaya. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Negeri Surabaya, 8(2), 579–585.

Saman, A. (2020). Effect of Compensation on Employee Satisfaction and Employee Performance. International Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting Research (IJEBAR), 4(01), 185–190. https://doi.org/10.29040/ijebar.v4i01.947

Setiawati. (2021). Analisis Pengaruh Kebijakan Deviden terhadap Nilai Perusahaan pada Perusahaan Farmasi di BEI. Jurnal Inovasi Penelitian, 1(8), 1581–1590.

Setiyanto, A. I., & Hidayati, S. N. (2017). Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja Dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Turnover Intention. JURNAL AKUNTANSI, EKONOMI Dan MANAJEMEN BISNIS, 5(1), 105. https://doi.org/10.30871/jaemb.v5i1.439

Silva, M. B. (2016). Percepção da população assistida sobre a inserção de estudantes de medicina na Unidade Básica de Saúde. In Trabalho de conclusão de curso (Vol. 1, Issue 9). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004

Sinambela, L. P. (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia: Membangun Tim Kerja yang Solid untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja. PT BUMI AKSARA.

Siyoto, Sandu, & Sodik, A. (2015). Dasar Metode Penelitian. In Syria Studies (1st ed., Vol. 7, Issue 1). Literasi Media Publishing. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/269107473_What_is_governance/link/548173090cf22525dcb61443/download%0Ahttp://www.econ.upf.edu/~reynal/Civil wars_12December2010.pdf%0Ahttps://think-asia.org/handle/11540/8282%0Ahttps://www.jstor.org/stable/41857625

Sormin, D. E. M., Lumban, R. A., & Krisna, F. (2021). Pengaruh WFH (work from home), stres kerja, dan kompetensi terhadap kinerja pegawai di badan penelitian dan pengembangan Kota Medan selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Paradigma Ekonomika, 16(4), 749–762. https://doi.org/10.22437/jpe.v16i4.13112

Spagnoli, P., Haynes, N. J., Kovalchuk, L. S., Clark, M. A., Buono, C., & Balducci, C. (2020). Workload, workaholism, and job performance: uncovering their complex relationship. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186536

Sugawara, E., & Nikaido, H. (2014). Properties of AdeABC and AdeIJK efflux systems of Acinetobacter baumannii compared with those of the AcrAB-TolC system of Escherichia coli. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 58(12), 7250–7257. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.03728-14

Sugiyono. (2013). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (19th ed., Vol. 5, Issue 3). CV.ALFABETA.

Sukriyani, S. (2021). The Effects of Motivation, Compensation, and Work Environment on the Performance of Local Public Officer. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(1), 903–917. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1691

Sulistiyowati, W. (2017). Buku Ajar Statistika Dasar. In S. B. Sartika (Ed.), Buku Ajar Statistika Dasar (Vol. 4, Issue 1). UMSIDA Press. https://doi.org/10.21070/2017/978-979-3401-73-7

Suryani, N. K. (2018). Ni Kadek Suryani Konflik dan Stres …. 1(1), 99–113.

Sutrisno. (2022). Determinants of Employee Performance: Overview of Aspects of Communication, Work Stress and Compensatio. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 5(3).

Swai, L. A. (2022). Relationship between Working Environments and Employees Performance in Local Government Authorities : A Case of Bahi District. 2(4), 15–22.

Syahfitri, S. (2022). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Pt. Bank Sumut Kantor Cabang Koordinator Medan [Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatra Medan]. In הארץ (Issue 8.5.2017). https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/autism-spectrum-disorders

Syahrum, & Salim. (2014). Buku Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif.pdf. In R. Ananda (Ed.), E-Book (Vol. 2). Citapustaka Media.

Tanjung, R., Nurcahyani, R. W., Hasibuan, R., & Ratnasari, S. L. (2021). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan, Lingkungan Kerja, Beban Kerja dan Kompensasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Lamoist Layer Cakes. Sains: Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 13(2), 193. https://doi.org/10.35448/jmb.v13i2.10798

Vinet, L., & Zhedanov, A. (2011). A “missing” family of classical orthogonal polynomials. In Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical (Vol. 44, Issue 8). https://doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/44/8/085201

Zahara, A., Ribhan, & Mardiana, N. (2020). The effect of individual ability, workload and work environment on employee performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research, 9(2), 6449–6451.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-07

How to Cite

Nugraheni, D. J., Sutrisno, S., & Setyorini, N. . (2023). PENGARUH BEBAN KERJA, STRES KERJA, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA ERA PANDEMI. Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Ekonomi, 2(2), 127–150. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrie.v2i2.1596

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.