Integrasi Pertahanan Siber dalam Sistem Pertahanan dan Keamanan Rakyat Semesta (Sishankamrata): Analisis Komparatif dengan Amerika Serikat, Estonia, dan Singapura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/jurrish.v5i2.7731Keywords:
Cyber Defense, Hybrid Warfare, National Security, Sishankamrata, Total DefenceAbstract
Modern conflict has evolved into the cyber domain as part of hybrid warfare, demanding a reinterpretation of the Sishankamrata (Total People's Defense and Security System) doctrine to encompass the digital realm. This study aims to analyze the integration of cyber defense into the Sishankamrata framework using a literature review and comparative analysis with the cyber defense strategies of the United States, Estonia, and Singapore. The results indicate that the implementation of Sishankamrata in the cyber domain faces challenges regarding inter-institutional synergy and unclear operational roles for the Reserve and Support Components. Based on the comparative analysis, Estonia's Cyber Defence Unit model and Singapore's Digital Defence pillar are identified as the most effective blueprints for Indonesia to mobilize civilian experts and enhance social resilience. This study recommends that the government formalize "Digital Defense" as an integral pillar of Sishankamrata, establish a Cyber Reserve Component consisting of expert civilian volunteers, and strengthen legal frameworks and public digital literacy as a form of state defense
Downloads
References
Adma, A., Surbakti, Y. M., & Sari, P. (2023). Transformasi sistem pertahanan siber Indonesia dengan BSSN sebagai poros dan motor penggerak menuju angkatan siber mandiri di masa depan. Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional, 6(1), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.7454/jkskn.v6i1.10077
Badan Siber dan Sandi Negara. (2021). Lanskap ancaman siber Indonesia dan strategi perlindungan infrastruktur kritis nasional. BSSN RI.
Bhakti, A., Sudirman, A., Sumadinata, R. W. S., & Bainus, A. (2024). State defense strategy in facing cyber threats after hacking incidents on government institutions: A case study in Indonesia. Journal of Human Security, 20(1), 109–117.
Bua, I. T., & Idris, N. I. (2025). Analisis kebijakan keamanan siber di Indonesia: Studi kasus kebocoran data nasional pada tahun 2024. Desentralisasi: Jurnal Hukum, Kebijakan Publik, dan Pemerintahan, 2(2), 100–114. https://doi.org/10.62383/desentralisasi.v2i2.653
Clarke, R. A., & Knake, R. K. (2019). The fifth domain: Defending our country, our companies, and ourselves in the age of cyber threats. Penguin Press.
Darumaya, B. A., Maarif, S., Toruan, T. S. L., & Swastanto, Y. (2023). Pemikiran potensial ancaman perang siber di Indonesia: Suatu kajian strategi pertahanan. Jurnal Keamanan Nasional, 9(2), 299–324.
Duarte, E. P. (2025). Manajemen pertahanan Indonesia dalam konteks kebijakan Trump: Analisis dan refleksi. Indonesia Emas Group.
Hidayat, A. (2022). Perang hibrida dan masa depan sishankamrata. Jurnal Studi Pertahanan, 8(1), 45–60.
Kementerian Pertahanan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Buku putih pertahanan Indonesia. Kementerian Pertahanan RI.
Markas Besar TNI. (2021). Doktrin pertahanan siber TNI. Mabes TNI.
Ministry of Defence Singapore. (2019). Digital defence: The sixth pillar of total defence. MINDEF Communications Organisation. https://www.mindef.gov.sg/oms/totaldefence/digital-defence.html
Nugroho, B., & Kusuma, D. (2022). Membangun komponen cadangan siber: Tantangan dan peluang dalam konteks sishankamrata. Jurnal Studi Strategis Indonesia, 7(2), 145–160.
Pratama, R. A. (2023). Sinergi BSSN dan TNI dalam menghadapi ancaman siber: Sebuah tinjauan tata kelola. Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara, 13(1), 88–102.
Purwantoro, S. D. (2025). Manajemen pertahanan Indonesia dalam konteks kebijakan Trump: Analisis dan refleksi. Indonesia Emas Group.
Ramadhan, T., Pujianto, R., & Santoso, F. B. (2024). Strategi penanganan keamanan siber di Indonesia. JI-40: Journal of Informatics and Information Security, 5(2), 183–192. https://doi.org/10.31599/v0xr7273
Rid, T. (2020). The great cyber competition. Journal of Strategic Studies, 43(2), 112–134.
Saragih, H. J. R. (2024). MSDM pertahanan modern: Konsep dan implementasinya. Indonesia Emas Group.
Saraswati, L. M. (2021). Arsitektur hukum keamanan siber Indonesia: Antara kedaulatan data dan keamanan nasional. Dalam A. B. Rahardjo & F. Maulana (Eds.), Tata kelola siber di era digital (hlm. 112–130). UI Press.
Schmidt, A. (2013). The 2007 cyber attacks on Estonia: Learning from a crisis. Dalam N. M. Wingfield & T. R. Johnson (Eds.), Cyber power and national security (hlm. 45–62). Potomac Books.
Susilo, A. B. (2023). Koordinasi kelembagaan dalam arsitektur pertahanan siber nasional: Tantangan dan prospek. Jurnal Studi Keamanan Internasional, 15(2), 112–128.
Tapsell, R. (2021). The digital frontier: Disinformation and state power in Southeast Asia. ANU Press. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5876-4_7
The White House. (2023). National cybersecurity strategy. The White House. https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/National-Cybersecurity-Strategy-2023.pdf
Wibowo, S. (2022). Ketahanan sosio-kultural sebagai respon terhadap ancaman non-militer. Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, 28(3), 301–318.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.





