JURNAL RISET RUMPUN MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
Bidang kajian dalam jurnal ini termasuk sub rumpun Ilmu IPA, Ilmu Matematika, Ilmu Kebumian dan Angkasa. Jurnal Riset Rumpun Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam menerima artikel dalam bahasa Inggris dan bahasa Indonesia dan diterbitkan 3 kali setahun: April, Agustus dan Desember. E-ISSN: 2828-9390 (Online), P-ISSN: 2828-9382 (Cetak). Jurnal ini adalah jurnal Riset Rumpun Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam yang bersifat peer-review dan terbuka. Jurnal ini terakreditasi SINTA 5 (Surat Keputusan Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 tanggal 21 Maret 2025 tentang Peringkat Akreditasi Jurnal Ilmiah Periode I Tahun 2025) dimulai dari Volume 1 Nomor 2 Tahun 2022 sampai Volume 6 Nomor 1 Tahun 2027.
Kajian Literatur tentang Sel Eukariotik pada Mikroorganisme (Jamur dan Protista) dalam Perspektif Mikrobiologi dan Pendidikan Biologi
Eukaryotic microorganisms, particularly fungi and protists, play a vital role in ecosystems, as well as in microbiology studies and biology education. The complex structure of eukaryotic cells, such as a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, enables these two groups to perform diverse physiological functions and adapt to their environments. This study aims to synthesize the literature on the structure and function of eukaryotic cells in fungi and protists and their implications for biology learning. The method used is a literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach through analysis of relevant scientific sources. The results of this study indicate that understanding the structure of eukaryotic cells in fungi and protists is not only important in the context of microbiology but also contributes to strengthening understanding of the concept of cell structure and function and making biology learning more contextual and meaningful.
Copyright (c) 2026 JURNAL RISET RUMPUN MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Manfaat Senyawa Eupatorin pada Tumbuhan Kumis Kucing sebagai Agen Antikanker melalui Mekanisme Penghambatan Proliferasi Sel
This study aims to analyze the potential of eupatorin found in Cat’s Whiskers (Orthosiphon stamineus) as an anticancer agent using in silico methods. Eupatorin was selected due to its promising biological activity reported in previous literature. The research employed compound structure data registered in PubChem, analyzed through PASS Online for pharmacological activity prediction, ProTox-II for toxicity evaluation, and pkCSM for ADMET parameters. The results indicated that eupatorin has a high probability of inhibiting cancer cell proliferation with significant pharmacological activity values. Toxicity predictions showed a safe profile with an LD50 supporting its potential therapeutic use. ADMET analysis demonstrated that eupatorin possesses good bioavailability, adequate absorption and distribution, and minimal metabolic interactions, supporting its efficacy as an anticancer compound. These findings suggest that eupatorin could be an important candidate for herbalbased drug development, particularly for cancer therapy, and provide opportunities for further research through in vitro and in vivo experiments to validate anticancer activity comprehensively.
Penerapan Metode Single Exponential Smoothing dalam Peramalan Produksi Cabe Rawit di Kecamatan Kabanjahe
This study aims to analyze the fluctuations in chili production in Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, which affect market price instability and uncertain supply. One approach applied in this study is the Single Exponential Smoothing (SES) method to forecast chili production. SES was chosen for its simplicity, ease of implementation, and its ability to generate accurate predictions even when the data lacks significant seasonal patterns. The data used is secondary data on chili production obtained from official publications by the Karo Regency BPS for the period of 2020–2024. The analysis results show that a smoothing parameter (α) of 0.8 produced the lowest Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 3.08%. These findings indicate that applying a higher α makes the model more responsive to recent data changes, thus yielding more accurate forecasts. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the SES method in forecasting chili production in areas with significant seasonal fluctuations.
Analisis Autokorelasi Spasial Global dan Lokal pada Data Kemiskinan di Provinsi Gorontalo
This study aims to analyze the spatial pattern of poverty in Gorontalo Province in 2024 using global and local spatial autocorrelation approaches. The data used are the percentages of the poor population in each regency/municipality, obtained from the BPS. The analyses include descriptive statistical analysis, the Moran's Index test for global spatial autocorrelation, and the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) for local autocorrelation. The results show that poverty in Gorontalo Province tends to be unevenly distributed and exhibits a significant spatial pattern. The Moran's Index indicates positive spatial autocorrelation, where areas with high poverty levels tend to be adjacent to other areas with similarly high poverty levels. The LISA results identify Bone Bolango Regency as a High-Low area, meaning it has a high poverty rate but is surrounded by areas with low poverty rates. These findings highlight the importance of spatial approaches in formulating more targeted poverty alleviation policies.
Implementasi Metode Bermain Sebagai Strategi Peningkatan Keaktifan Gerak dalam Pembelajaran PJOK di SD S Pelangi
This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of play-based methods in Physical Education, Sports, and Health (PJOK) learning for sixth-grade students at Pelangi Elementary School. The background of this study is the decline in movement motivation in upper-grade students due to excessive focus on academic workload. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection techniques in the form of participatory observation and in-depth interviews with key informants. The results of the study indicate that the integration of structured games in the Lesson Implementation Plan (RPP) can improve motor coordination and students' social values. In addition, modifications to game tools and rules provide creative solutions to overcome the limitations of existing facilities. The conclusion of the study confirms that the play-based approach functions not only as a recreational activity but also as an effective formal instructional method to achieve curriculum targets holistically, supporting students' physical and social development simultaneously. This approach is expected to be implemented more widely in schools to improve the quality of PJOK learning.
Analisis Fitokimia Daun Sambung Nyawa Sebagai Kandidat Obat Herbal untuk Terapi Hipertensi Ringan
This study aims to analyze the phytochemical profile of Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens) leaves as a potential herbal candidate for mild hypertension therapy using in silico methods. Plant samples were examined to identify active compounds documented in the PubChem database. The identified compounds were further analyzed using PASS Online to predict their pharmacological activities, ProTox-II to evaluate toxicity levels, and pkCSM to assess ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) characteristics. The findings reveal that several bioactive compounds present in Sambung Nyawa leaves demonstrate strong predicted anti-hypertensive activity accompanied by minimal toxicological risk. PASS Online analysis indicates potential mechanisms of action, including vascular receptor modulation and mild diuretic properties that may support blood pressure regulation. ProTox-II classification places most compounds in the low-toxicity category, while pkCSM predictions confirm acceptable bioavailability and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. Overall, these results provide a preliminary scientific foundation for the development of Gynura procumbens as an alternative herbal therapy for mild hypertension and support the need for further validation through in vitro and in vivo experimental studies.
Analisis In Silico Senyawa Orientin dari Tanaman Eceng Gondok sebagai Kandidat Antioksidan Potensial
This study aims to analyze the in silico profile of the compound orientin derived from the water hyacinth plant (Eichhornia crassipes) as a potential antioxidant candidate. Orientin was selected based on its chemical structure data registered in PubChem, which provides complete information regarding molecular identity, physicochemical properties, and 2D and 3D structural representations. The prediction of biological activity was conducted using PASS Online, which indicated that orientin possesses a promising likelihood of exhibiting antioxidant activity according to relevant probability values. Furthermore, the safety assessment of the compound was carried out through ProTox-II to identify potential toxicity, including toxicity class, possible hepatotoxic effects, and other predicted safety parameters. To determine its pharmacokinetic profile, pkCSM was employed to predict ADMET characteristics such as absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and additional toxicity risks. The results of these analyses show that orientin demonstrates favorable potential as an antioxidant candidate, supported by predicted pharmacological properties and relatively low toxicity levels according to in silico evaluations. Therefore, orientin has promising potential for further development in subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies.
Analisis Komprehensif Potensi Farmakologis dan Toksisitas Senyawa Bioaktif Utama pada Kayu Bajakah (Spatholobus Littoralis Hassk)
This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the potential pharmacological activities and safety profiles of seven secondary metabolite compounds (Caffeic Acid, Syringic Acid, Quercetin, Luteolin, p-Coumaric Acid, Ferulic Acid, and Epicatechin) identified in the Bajakah plant (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.). The research approach integrates in silico analysis using the PubChem database, biological activity prediction via PASS Online, oral toxicity assessment through ProTox-II, and pharmacokinetic evaluation using pkCSM, which were subsequently validated through an empirical literature review. The results indicate that these compounds exhibit significant activity probabilities, particularly as antimutagenic, antiseptic, and antioxidant agents. Luteolin demonstrated the highest antimutagenic potential, while Quercetin showed dominant antioxidant activity. Toxicity profiling revealed that Luteolin and Caffeic Acid possess the highest safety levels (Class 5), whereas Quercetin requires special attention (Class 3). These computational findings strongly correlate with empirical evidence demonstrating that Bajakah extract exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, antifungal activity against Candida albicans, as well as high antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities. This study provides a strong molecular foundation for the development of Bajakah as a safe and effective phytopharmaceutical candidate.
Peran Lingkungan Sekolah Terhadap Motivasi Belajar Siswa Kelas X di SMA Muhammadiyah Maumere
This study aims to determine the extent of the role of the school environment in influencing the learning motivation of class X students in Muhammadiyah Maumere High School. The school environment is an external factor that plays an important role in supporting or inhibiting the learning process of students. The factors studied in this study include the physical condition of the school (such as classrooms, libraries, laboratories, and sports facilities), social aspects (support of teachers and peers), as well as psychological aspects (comfort, appreciation, and conducive learning atmosphere). The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and questionnaires to students and teachers. The result of the study shows that school facilities in Muhammadiyah Maumere High School still have many limitations, including inadequate classrooms, lack of learning technology tools such as projectors, small libraries with limited collection of books, and the unavailability of special space for arts and special sport facilities. However, despite these limitations, most students still show a high level of learning motivation. This is influenced by the support of teachers and peers, involvement in extracurricular activities, family support, and personal expectations of student achievement. This study concluded that the school environment indeed plays an important role in shaping student learning motivation, but social and psychological factors also have a big influence. Therefore, it is recommended that schools make improvements and develop physical facilities and strengthen positive social climate to support the student learning process optimally.
Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Agregat dan Suhu Pencampuran terhadap Karakteristik Marshall Campuran Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC)
The performance of asphalt mixtures is strongly influenced by the composition of their constituent materials, particularly aggregate size and mixing temperature during production. In many tropical and subtropical regions, asphalt pavements frequently experience rutting, reduced stability, and changes in viscoelastic properties due to high environmental temperatures and heavy traffic loads. These conditions can significantly affect pavement durability, making it essential to produce asphalt mixtures that meet established technical standards. This study aims to analyze the effect of variations in aggregate size distribution and mixing temperature on the Marshall characteristics of Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures. The research employs the Marshall test method to evaluate the load-bearing capacity and stability of hot asphalt mixtures and to assess their compliance with ASTM/SNI standards. The results indicate that mixtures with standard aggregate gradation achieve stability values of 985 kg at 120°C, 1055 kg at 140°C, and 1107 kg at 160°C. As mixing temperature increases, flow values decrease, while the Marshall Quotient (MQ) increases, indicating improved stiffness. Higher temperatures also enhance compaction, reducing VIM and VMA while increasing VFA. Conversely, non-standard aggregate gradations result in several parameters failing to meet ASTM/SNI requirements, confirming that standard gradation produces superior asphalt performance.
Pengaruh Penambahan Aspal Buton pada Aspal Pen 60/70 terhadap Sifat Mekanik pada Lapisan Permukaan AC-WC
This study aims to determine the effect of adding Buton Asphalt on the mechanical properties of Asphalt Concrete – Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixtures based on Marshall test parameters. The variations of asphalt content used were 0%, 2%, and 5%. Each variation was tested using the Marshall method to obtain the values of Stability, Flow, Void in Mix (VIM), Void in Mineral Aggregate (VMA), Void Filled with Asphalt (VFA), and Marshall Quotient (MQ). The results show that the addition of Buton Asphalt affects the improvement of the mixture characteristics. The highest stability value was obtained at 5% Buton Asphalt content, which was 1,074 kg, while the lowest flow value was also found at 5%, which was 2.48 mm, indicating that the mixture becomes stiffer and more stable. The VIM value decreased from 4.7% at 0% content to 4.2% at 5% content, indicating that the air voids in the mixture became smaller. The VMA value also decreased from 16.2% at 0%, 15.8% at 2%, and 15.1% at 5%, while the VFA value increased from 71% to 72.18%. The highest Marshall Quotient (MQ) value was obtained at 5% Buton Asphalt content, which was 433 kg/mm, indicating that the mixture has better stiffness and resistance to deformation. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the addition of 5% Buton Asphalt provides the best mixture characteristics for the AC-WC layer.
Uji Potensi Hepatoprotektor Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera L.) Terhadap Hati Tikus Putih (Rattus Norvegicus L.) yang Diinduksi Etilen Glikol
Consumption of ethylene glycol–containing drugs can cause liver damage. This study aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of Moringa leaf extract (Moringa oleifera L.) on AST and ALT levels, liver morphology, hepatosomatic index, and liver histology in ethylene glycol–induced white rats (Rattus norvegicus L.). A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used with 20 male rats divided into five groups: normal control, ethylene glycol control, and three treatment groups (150, 300, and 450 mg/kg BW). Ethylene glycol was administered for 30 days, while the extract was given for 20 days. Blood samples were collected on day 31. Data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA and Duncan’s test. The results showed significant hepatoprotective effects (P = 0.000). AST and ALT levels in the treatment groups differed significantly from the normal control. Liver morphological changes were observed in both control and treatment groups. The hepatosomatic index, number of normal hepatocytes, and central vein diameter also showed significant differences. In conclusion, Moringa leaf extract demonstrates hepatoprotective potential by reducing AST and ALT levels, improving liver morphology, increasing normal hepatocytes, and decreasing central vein diameter, with the optimal dose at 450 mg/kg BW
Pengaruh Parameter Regularisasi (λ) terhadap Stabilitas Estimasi pada Regresi Ridge
Multicollinearity is one of the common issues in multiple linear regression that can lead to instability in the estimation of regression coefficients. This study aims to examine the impact of multicollinearity on regression models and to evaluate the use of Ridge Regression as an alternative estimation method. The study employs simulated data consisting of 1,000 observations, including one dependent variable and four independent variables designed to exhibit high correlation. The analysis begins with model estimation using the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method, followed by multicollinearity testing using the Variance Inflation Factor (VIF). The OLS results indicate that most independent variables significantly influence the dependent variable, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9863. However, the high VIF values reveal the presence of strong multicollinearity in the model. To address this issue, Ridge Regression is applied, with the optimal penalty parameter determined through cross-validation, yielding a lambda value of 4.201589. The results show that the regression coefficients in the Ridge model undergo shrinkage, resulting in greater stability compared to the OLS estimates. Model evaluation indicates that the Mean Squared Error (MSE) for the OLS model is 24.77, whereas the Ridge model produces an MSE of 29.72. Although the Ridge model exhibits a slightly higher MSE, it effectively mitigates the impact of multicollinearity and provides more stable parameter estimates.
Efektivitas Metode Hibrida Ozonasi dan Adsorpsi Fly ash dalam Menurunkan Parameter Pencemar Organik Kompleks pada Air Lindi
Human activities, from household to industrial operations, generate liquid waste that poses a threat to the environment. Before discharge, liquid waste should be treated to ensure it is safe for release into the environment. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a hybrid ozonation-adsorption method with varying contact times. This study collected leachate samples from the Rajabasa Landfill and used fly ash from the Tarahan Coal-Fired Power Plant as the adsorbent. First, the study used contact times of 20, 40, 60, and 80 minutes for ozonation. Subsequently, the 80-minute sample proceeded to the adsorption stage and was ultimately tested against six parameters. The measured parameters included COD, TSS, TDS, turbidity, UV254, and DO. The results showed that the 80-minute ozonation process significantly reduced TSS, TDS, and DO levels. However, the ozonation process still left intermediate compounds, which were subsequently removed by adsorption. Ultimately, the combination of the two processes yields good results, particularly for COD and UV254. This aligns with the theory that ozonation breaks down complex compounds while the adsorbent absorbs residual pollutants. This hybrid process achieves a 45.47% reduction in COD and an 87.83% reduction in UV254.
Analisis Kesulitan Siswa dalam Mempelajari Materi Bangun Ruang Sisi Datar pada Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Ponelo Kepulauan
This study aims to analyse the difficulties experienced by students in learning about flat-sided three-dimensional shapes. The research method employed is descriptive with a qualitative approach. The data collected in this study were obtained from students’ difficulty tests and interview results. The research subjects were Year 8 pupils at SMP Negeri 2 Ponelo Kepulauan in the 2024/2025 academic year. The interviews were conducted by selecting three questions related to difficulties in learning mathematics, with one student chosen as a respondent to be interviewed on 26 August 2025. The indicators used to assess students’ learning difficulties were: facts, principles, concepts, and operations. The research results indicate that students with the lowest marks demonstrated limitations in mastering all the indicators measured when solving mathematics problems on the topic of flat-sided three-dimensional shapes. During the interview, students with the lowest marks experienced difficulties despite the use of effective teaching methods. This was because they paid insufficient attention to what the teacher was explaining.
Analysis of Students’ Mathematical Reasoning Ability in Quadratic Functions through the Use of Desmos
This study aims to analyze students’ mathematical reasoning abilities in quadratic function material through the use of Desmos. The research employed a qualitative descriptive approach using a case study and usability testing method. Data were collected through post-tests and interviews involving students’ responses in solving quadratic function problems. The analysis focused on several indicators of mathematical reasoning, including procedural skills, conceptual understanding, and analytical ability. The results show that students generally demonstrate adequate procedural reasoning, particularly in substitution and computation tasks. They are also able to relate algebraic representations to geometric interpretations, such as determining intercept points and analyzing the direction of parabolas. However, limitations were found in conceptual understanding, especially in identifying graph characteristics without relying on procedural steps. The use of Desmos significantly supports the development of students’ mathematical reasoning by providing real-time visualization, facilitating exploration of function parameters, and enabling verification of results. Overall, Desmos contributes to enhancing procedural, conceptual, and analytical dimensions of mathematical reasoning, although its effectiveness depends on proper instructional design.
Copyright (c) 2026 Adinda Muhfyana, Chelsea Rivera Pasaribu, Dave Marcellino Sancia, Dwi Octa Marcellita Girsang, Mariatul Kiftia Shakila, Tiara Sondang Sianipar, Rani Nuldiva Situmorang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Model Problem Based Learning Berbantuan PhET terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa pada Materi Getaran dan Gelombang
This study aims to examine the effects of applying a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) method combined with PhET simulation tools on enhancing critical thinking skills among eighth-grade students at SMP Negeri 4 Singaraja when learning vibration and wave topics. It adopted a quasi-experimental approach with a Pretest-Posttest setup and non-equivalent control group design. The participant cohort comprised 75 students distributed across two groups: the treatment group (n=38) who engaged in learning activities using PBL supplemented by PhET simulation, and the comparison group (n=37) who received PBL instruction without PhET simulation support. Data collection was conducted through essay-type assessment instruments containing 7 questions designed to evaluate critical thinking competencies based on Ennis' theoretical framework. Data processing employed descriptive statistical analysis, N-Gain Score computation and ANCOVA testing were conducted at a 0.05 significance level. Results showed the treatment group's average Posttest score at 84, compared to 66 for the control group. The ANCOVA produced an F-value of 103.701 (p < 0.001), confirming a statistically significant difference in critical thinking skills between the groups. The adjusted mean Posttest scores were 83.99 for the treatment group and 66.01 for the comparison group, reflecting a differential of 17.99 points. Consequently, the findings substantiate that the integration of PBL with PhET simulation demonstrates greater effectiveness in fostering students' critical thinking skills in comparison to conventional PBL implementation without technology-enhanced simulation assistance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anita Nur Izzati, Ni Made Pujani, Luh Mitha Priyanka https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Konteks Kehidupan Sehari-Hari untuk Meningkatkan Literasi Matematika Siswa: Kajian Literatur
This study aims to analyze various research results related to the application of context-based mathematics learning in improving students' mathematical literacy. Mathematical literacy is an important skill that enables students to understand, use, and apply mathematical concepts and reasoning in solving various problems related to real life. This study uses a qualitative approach with a literature review method. Research data was obtained through a review of various scientific articles relevant to the research topic. The analysis process was carried out in several stages, namely identification of literature sources, selection of articles based on topic suitability, and synthesis of published research findings. The results of the study show that integrating everyday contexts into mathematics learning can improve students' conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning abilities, and problem-solving skills. Learning that links mathematical material to real-life situations can also help students understand concepts more meaningfully and encourage active engagement in the learning process. The findings of this study provide an overview that the application of mathematics learning based on everyday life contexts can be an effective strategy in improving students' mathematical literacy. Therefore, teachers need to design learning that links mathematical concepts to real-life situations so that students' mathematical literacy skills can develop optimally.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nurul Azizah Ritonga, Mariatul Kiftia Shakila, Nidia Lestari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Solusi Umum Persamaan Diferensial Biasa Linear Koefisien Konstan dengan Menggunakan Metode Reduksi Orde
Differential equations involve derivatives of unknown functions and are widely used in mathematical modeling of various real-world problems. They can be classified based on linearity, homogeneity, coefficients, number of independent variables, degree, and order, thus requiring appropriate solution methods. One commonly used approach is the reduction of order method, which simplifies equations by reducing their order step by step. However, this method generally requires the solution of the corresponding homogeneous equation as an initial step. This study aims to solve nonhomogeneous linear ordinary differential equations of order with constant coefficients using the reduction of order method without determining the homogeneous solution. This research is a theoretical study based on relevant references concerning solution methods and types of differential equations. The procedure consists of two main stages: determining the fundamental symmetric polynomial variables based on the coefficients and constructing a sequence of solutions through first-order linear differential equations obtained from the reduction process. The results show that this method systematically produces the general solution of linear differential equations of order , making it an effective and efficient alternative approach
Copyright (c) 2026 Elisabet Djunaidy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Potensi Larvasida Tanaman Endemik Kalimantan terhadap Aedes aegypti: Tinjauan Evidensi Ilmiah dan Prioritas Kandidat Riset
Dengue remains a major vector-borne disease worldwide, and the increasing resistance of Aedes aegypti to synthetic insecticides has encouraged the exploration of environmentally friendly botanical larvicides. This study aimed to systematically evaluate scientific evidence regarding the larvicidal potential of endemic Kalimantan plants against Aedes aegypti and to identify priority candidates for future research. A systematic literature review was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Literature searches were performed across Scopus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, MDPI, Wiley Online Library, Garuda, SINTA, and Google Scholar for studies published between January 2016 and January 2026. A total of 925 records were identified, and after duplicate removal, screening, and eligibility assessment, 88 studies were included in the final synthesis. The results showed that botanical larvicides rich in alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, limonoids, and sulfur compounds demonstrated significant larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti. However, no direct larvicidal studies were identified for endemic Kalimantan species, including Fibraurea tinctoria, Arcangelisia flava, Dacrydium beccarii, Agathis borneensis, and Scorodocarpus borneensis. These findings highlight substantial evidence gaps and indicate that Kalimantan biodiversity represents a promising source of novel larvicidal agents for sustainable dengue vector control.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vincentia Ade Rizky, Maria Selviana Joni, Umi Latifah, Tri Astuti Sugiyatmi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Model Log-Linier 4 Dimensi (Studi Kasus Hubungan Antara Gender, Durasi Tidur, Ekstrakurikuler dan Hasil belajar Siswa SMAN 1 Kualuh Hulu)
This study was conducted to determine the best log-linear model describing the relationship between gender, sleep duration, extracurricular activities, and student learning outcomes at SMAN 1 Kualuh Hulu. A log-linear analysis approach was used to identify interaction patterns among the variables and evaluate their contribution to student academic performance. The findings showed that the selected model adequately explained the structure of the observed data. A significant three-way interaction was identified between learning outcomes, sleep duration, and gender. The results indicated that insufficient sleep duration had a negative impact on student learning outcomes, and this effect varied by gender. Female students were found to be more vulnerable to decreased academic performance caused by sleep disturbances compared to male students. Meanwhile, extracurricular activities did not demonstrate a significant direct interaction with learning outcomes. This suggests that participation in extracurricular activities was not a major factor influencing differences in academic achievement among students at SMAN 1 Kualuh Hulu.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maxtulus Junedy Nababan, Gayus Simarmata https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Pengaruh Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berbantuan Media Articulate Storyline terhadap Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis Siswa di SMP Negeri 1 Bone
This study aimed to determine the effect of implementing an Articulate Storyline-assisted learning model on students’ mathematical reasoning abilities at SMP Negeri 1 Bone. Mathematical reasoning ability is an important aspect of mathematics learning that needs to be developed to help students understand, analyze, and solve mathematical problems logically. This research employed a quasi-experimental method using a post-test only control group design. The population consisted of all seventh-grade students at SMP Negeri 1 Bone, with Class VII A serving as the control group and Class VII B as the experimental group. The experimental group was taught using the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) cooperative learning model assisted by Articulate Storyline media, while the control group received instruction through the NHT cooperative learning model assisted by PowerPoint (PPT). Data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test. The results showed a significance value of 0.022 (< 0.05), indicating that H₀ was rejected. These findings suggest that the implementation of the Articulate Storyline-assisted learning model significantly affected students’ mathematical reasoning abilities. Furthermore, the effect size calculated using Cohen’s d was 0.748, indicating a large effect. Therefore, Articulate Storyline media can be considered an effective alternative for supporting mathematics learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Melisya A. Putri Kobidon, Syamsu Qamar Badu, Auli Irfah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning Untuk Meminimalisir Kesalahan Belajar Matematika Siswa pada Materi Statistika Kelas XI SMKN 1 Bonepantai
This study aims to investigate the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model in minimising students’ errors in learning mathematics within the statistics curriculum. The research method employed was Classroom Action Research (CAR). The research was conducted at SMKN 1 Bonepantai during the second semester of the 2024/2025 academic year, with a sample of 25 Year 11 students comprising 11 male and 14 female students. Data collection was carried out through observation and tests of students’ mathematical learning errors. The research consisted of two cycles. The results of the study indicate that the application of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model can minimise students’ mathematical learning errors in statistics. In Cycle I, the percentage of conceptual errors was 57%, operational errors 73%, and principle errors 61%. Following improvements to the teaching approach in Cycle II, the percentage of student errors decreased to 50% for conceptual errors, 65% for operational errors, and 51% for principle errors. This represents a reduction of 7% in conceptual errors, 8% in operational errors, and 10% in principle errors. Furthermore, the results of observations of teacher and student activities in Cycle II reached 100%, with ratings of ‘good’ and ‘very good’.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tiara Trivonia Djikilo, Perry Zakaria, Nancy Katili https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Penerapan Program Linear Metode Simpleks untuk Memaksimalkan Keuntungan pada Penjualan UMKM
Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) often face challenges in managing production resources, such as limited raw materials and labor time, resulting in suboptimal business profits. This study aims to determine the production combination that can generate maximum profits for culinary MSMEs producing risol and pastel using the simplex linear programming method. The study employed a quantitative descriptive method with a case study approach. Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and documentation of the MSME's daily production activities. The data used included wheat flour raw material usage, production time, output quantity, and profit for each product. The results showed that the optimal production combination was achieved when producing 2.5 risol recipes and 0.5 pastel recipes, with a maximum profit of IDR 252.375 per day. These results demonstrate that the application of the simplex method can help MSMEs optimize the use of production resources more effectively and efficiently, thereby increasing business profits.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nerli Khairani, Asni Al Amini, Mhd Fachrizal, Adinda Saputri, Livia Mutianda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Optimasi Biaya Distribusi Buku Teks ke Sekolah-Sekolah di Kota Padang Menggunakan Metode North West Corner, Least Cost, dan Vogel’s Approximation Method
This study aims to optimize the distribution cost of textbooks to state and private high schools in Padang City, West Sumatra, using transportation optimization methods studied in operations research courses: North West Corner (NWC), Least Cost Method (LCM), and Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM), with MODI (Modified Distribution) as the optimality test. The study involved 10 schools across four distribution zones, supplied by three government warehouses. Data were obtained from the Padang City Education Office for the 2024/2025 academic year. The results show that VAM produces the lowest initial solution compared to the NWC initial solution. After optimality testing using MODI, the VAM solution was confirmed optimal. This study also highlights that transportation cost efficiency is highly influenced by the accuracy of allocation methods used in distribution planning. Therefore, selecting the appropriate method is crucial in minimizing operational costs. The study concludes that the application of VAM supported by the MODI optimality test is the most efficient approach for textbook distribution planning in Padang City, and can serve as a recommendation for more cost-effective school resource management.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alya Rozali Ramadhani, Nana Sepriyanti, Defi Angriani, Mutia Mutia, Ruhama Wazna https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Potensi Senyawa Bioaktif Mangrove sebagai Bahan Aktif Fungsional dalam Formulasi Lip Balm
The increasing demand for natural and environmentally sustainable cosmetic products has stimulated interest in utilizing mangrove-derived bioactive compounds as alternative ingredients in lip balm formulations. Mangrove species are recognized as rich sources of secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, terpenoids, and natural lipids, which exhibit antioxidant and protective properties beneficial for lip care applications. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the potential of mangrove species as active ingredients in lip balm formulations by examining their phytochemical characteristics, antioxidant activities, and formulation performance. A Systematic Literature Review approach was employed following the PRISMA framework, involving the collection, screening, and synthesis of relevant studies published between 2020 and 2025. Eighteen eligible primary research articles were included in the final analysis. The results demonstrated that Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Ceriops tagal, Rhizophora mucronata, and Avicennia marina possess diverse bioactive compounds and promising antioxidant activities, with several species exhibiting very strong antioxidant capacity based on IC₅₀ values. Furthermore, lip balm formulations containing mangrove extracts generally fulfilled cosmetic quality requirements, including appropriate pH, good homogeneity, acceptable melting points, physical stability, and non-irritating properties. These findings highlight the potential of mangrove extracts as multifunctional natural ingredients for developing safe, effective, and sustainable lip balm products, while supporting the value-added utilization of coastal biological resources and promoting future innovation in natural cosmetic formulations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Afham, Eko Prasetyo Leu Amun Mama, Agustina Sartika Yos Ekaristi Manik, Dwi Cahya Rada https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0