Skrining Fitokimia dan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kuli Manggis terhadap Staphylococcus epidermidis

Abstract

While growing antimicrobial resistance encourages the search for plant-derived antibacterial alternatives, Staphylococcus epidermidis is a common skin commensal that can turn into an opportunistic pathogen, especially in device-associated illnesses. The purpose of this work was to determine secondary metabolite groups and assess the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) peel ethanol extract's in vitro antibacterial activity against S. epidermidis. The disc diffusion approach was used in a laboratory experiment with a post-test only control group. The extract was made by macerating 96% ethanol, and it was evaluated at 10%, 20%, and 40% concentrations using sterile distilled water and 30 µg of chloramphenicol as positive and negative controls. Terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins were assessed by phytochemical screening. Each group underwent three separate tests. Duncan's multiple range test was used after one-way ANOVA to examine inhibition-zone diameters. For each of the four metabolite categories, the extract tested positive. At 10%, 20%, and 40% doses, the mean inhibition zones were 14.75, 16.16, and 16.99 mm, respectively. The three extract concentrations were categorized within the same Duncan subgroup and did not differ significantly, although overall group differences were significant (p < 0.001). These results show in vitro growth inhibition and encourage more thorough quantitative phytochemical analysis and the identification of minimum bactericidal and inhibitory concentrations.