Dasanama Kresna dan Arjuna dalam Teks Paparikan Bhagawadgita: Kajian Semantik

Abstract

A name is not merely a linguistic marker of personal identity, but also embodies symbolic, historical, and philosophical meanings reflecting individual characteristics. Kresna and Arjuna, as prominent figures in the Mahabharata epic, possess numerous alternative names (dasanama) that are rich in meaning. This study aims to describe and analyze the dasanama of Kresna and Arjuna in the Paparikan Bhagawadgita text using a semantic approach and uncover their underlying naming principles. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, this research uses a lontar manuscript of Paparikan Bhagawadgita from the collection of the Bali Provincial Center for Cultural Documentation and Preservation as its primary data source. Data consisting of words and phrases referring to both figures were collected through transliteration and translation, then analyzed etymologically to reveal underlying meanings. The findings reveal twelve dasanama, six for each character. Kresna's names include Harimūŕtti, Madhusūdana, Janārdana, Padmanābha, Keśawa, and Puruṣottama. Meanwhile, Arjuna's names include Pārtha, Kirithi, Dhanañjaya, Phalguṇa, Śwetawahana, and Mahābahu. These names derive their meanings from three naming bases: genealogical, characteristic, and historical-mythological. The findings demonstrate that the use of dasanama in the text is not arbitrary, but grounded in meanings tied to identity and background, providing deeper insight into literary characterization.